(247-261) Broadening the conceptual framework for addressing the conundrum of sustainable development in Africa

Abstract: This chapter contends that the nexus between the environmental thrust of science, politics and citizen interest creates a conundrum for implementing sustainable development ideals worldwide, particularly in Africa. The chapter examines this conundrum, delves into the logic behind sustainable development as a concept and practice and posits that the classical Environment, Economy and Equity (3E) principles of sustainable development, articulated in the Brundtland Report of 1987, are necessary but insufficient to effectively plan and implement sustainable development policies and programmes in Africa, where most Quality of Life (QoL) indicators are regressing alarmingly. This chapter prescribes adding the principles of Enlightenment and Engagement to the classical 3E principles, thus broadening the conceptual framework for sustainable development planning in Africa and the world to 5E principles. The advantages of the two additional principles are discussed, along with a list of the stakeholders who should work collaboratively to achieve sustainable development ideals.